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Building Estimate of Materials and Labour & Loads

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Estimates

  MATERIALS REQUIREMENTS  IN RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS BASED ON PLINTH  AREA BASIS

 

Material  Single  Storey  Double Storey   Four Storey (R.C.C. Framed)
Bricks (100 Nos.) 2.26 A+66.8 2.15A+63 2.56A-0.0096A2-26.2
Cement (Tonnes) 0.153A+0.57 0.145A+0.54 0.2024A-0.364
Steel (Kg) 21.3A-314 21.97A- 305 102.46A-0.401A2-1662
Sand (m3) 0.47A-7 0.43A-5.6 397A-0.38
Coarse aggregate (m3)

(i)            20 mm & down

(ii)           40 mm & down

  

 

 

 

0.176A-0.21

 

 

0.145A+1.5

 

 

  

 

 

0.178A-0.21

 

 

0.075A+0.78

  

 

0.363A-0.76

 

 

0.0027A+0.0001A2 +0.45

 
Timber  (m3)

(i)            Frames & shutters

(ii)           Shuttering

  

0.019A+0.23

 

0.0042A

  

0.019A+0.23

 

0.0042A

  

0.02A+0.11

 

0.0097A-0.03
Lime (quintal)  0.145A-0.35 0.083A-0.17 0.063A-0.08
Surkhi (m3) 0.052A-0.37 0.026A-0.18 0.01A
Bitumen (Kg) 1.836A-9 0.918A -4 0.357A+0.14
Glass  Panes(m2) 0.047A 0.047A 0.047A
Primer for oil paint (litre) 0.048A 0.048A 0.045A+0.56
Oil Paint (litre) 0.08A+0.27 0.08A+0.27 0.075A+0.93

Note:-

  1. The above expression is applicable for plinth area ranges from 30 to 300m2(one floor)
  2. In case of single and double storeyed framed buildings, and up to 100m2 (one floor) for four storeyed framed building.
  3. The above table gives material for one floor / storey. Multiply the No. of Storeys to get total Quantity.

  Rough Estimate (m3 / m2) (Based on plinth area basis)

  1. Earthwork:
300 Class loading 500 class loading

Single bay

 Two bay Single bay Two bay

0.1 + (22.2 nD/q)

 0.1 +( 18.9 nD/q) 0.1 +( 24.8 nD/q) 0.1 +( 21.5 nD/q)

Where

n          =          No. of floors

D         =          Depth in meters

q          =          SBC in KN/m2

 

2.Brick work for foundation and basement :

              Q = m3 / m2  

Span Single bay Two bay
4.0 m 0.17 0.14
5.0 m 0.16 0.13
6.0 m 0.14 0.12
7.0 m 0.13 0.11

 

3.Brick wall for superstructure:

            Load bearing    =  0.40 to 0.45 m3 / m2

4.DPC :

Framed structure        =          0.1 m2 / m2

Load bearing               =          0.23 m2 / m2

5.Centering:    m2/ m2

Grade beam= 0.35 < 0.40 < 0.45 m2 / m2

Slab, beam etc

Span Single bay Two bay
4.0 m 1.57 1.49
5.0 m 1.51 1.45
6.0 m 1.47 1.42
  1. RCC for isolated footing

RCC / m2        =          X  for  LL

Total quantity  =          X A0 where A0 = Cumulative ultimate floor area in m2

 

SBC in KN/m2 3.0 KN/m2 5.0 KN/m2
Single bay Two bay Single bay Two bay
50 0.216 0.188 0.245 0.215
75 0.137 0.119 0.155 0.137
100 0.089 0.077 0.100 0.088
120 0.071 0.062 0.080 0.071
150 0.055 0.048 0.062 0.055
200 0.041 0.036 0.046 0.041
220 0.035 0.0305 0.040 0.0354
250 0.030 0.026 0.0335 0.030
300 0.026 0.023 0.029 0.026
400 0.016 0.014 0.0185 0.0165
  1. RCC for grade beam:

Quantity / m2 =     y

Single bay       = 0.05

Two bay          = 0.04

Total requirement = y Ag  where Ag = area of G.F.

 
  • RCC for superstructure:

RCC quantity = z for LL

RCC/Floor      = z  Af  where Af = Area of floor in m2

 

Description

Quantity = z for LL
3.0 KN/m2 5.0 KN/m2
Single bay Two bay Single bay Two bay
RCC floor 0.21 m3 / m2 0.19 m3 / m2 0.22 m3 per m2 0.20 m3 per m2

Note:

  1. This is inclusive of staircase and discontinuous sunshade but exclusive

of items (2) below.

  1. Include the following, if present:
  2. For slab thickness > 100 mm add extra quantity per m2 over 0.1m3
  3. For floor systems with primary and secondary beams add + 0.02 m3 / m2
  4. For canopy in G.F, add  01 m3 / m2
  5. For drops up to 1.20 m, add  01 m3 / m2
  6. For Continuous sunshade of 0.60 to 0.75 m alround the building, add 0.15 m3 / m2
  7. For sun- breakers up to 0.6 m, add 0.01 m3 / m2

Steel for slab, beam & column  (item wise)

 

Description

Live load 3 KN/m2

5 KN/m2
Single bay Two bay Single bay Two bay
i. Slab 0.100 0.100 0.10 0.10
ii. Beams 0.065 0.055 0.07 0.06
iii. Columns 0.045 0.035 0.05 0.04
iv. Staircase,sunshade etc. 0.010 0.010 0.01 0.01
a. Qty / m3 with primary beams
b. Qty with primary and secondary beams
Steel required for columns reinforcement / m3
with primary beam
400 45 38 48 42
300 41 35 43 38
225 37 32 39 35
       with  secondary beam
400 50 43 53 47
300 46 40 48 43
200 42 37 44 40
  1. Plastering in CM 1:5 – 12 mm thick:

2.3 to 2.6 m2 / m2  of plinth area

  1. Finishing the RCC::

2.4 m2  / m2    (10mm thick)

  1. White washing:

4.7 to 5.0 m2  / m2

  1. Wood scantling:

      Doors  D           =    0.018 m3  / m2  of shutter area

Windows  W     =     0.019 m3   to 0.025 / m2   of shutter area

Ventilators  V      =    0.02 m3   / m2  of shutter area

Based on thumb rule

Wood required for door          =   1   {Door area in m2 }

10                2

Wood required for glazed

window with ventilator            =  1   {window area in m2}

12                2

Steel requirement / m2 on Plinth area basis

 

S.No. Type of Building Load bearing Framed structure
1

 

 Residential Buildings 25 to 30 Kg 35 to 40 Kg
2

 

 Public  Buildings 30 to 35 Kg 40 to 50 Kg

Foundation & Basement Framed Structure (GF+ 3 Floors)

 

S.No. Type of Building Steel Qty. in Kg / m2
 

1

 

 Residential Flats

(Multi storey )

 5 Kg  / m2
2 Office Building

 

(a) Load Bearing

(b) Framed

  

 

 

4 Kg  / m2

6..5 Kg  / m2

 
3

 

 Commercial Buildings such as Bus Stand, Restaurants etc.

 

 7.5 Kg / m2

Approximate Quantity of steel requirement   (General)

 

S.No.                   Description Qty. of Steel in Kg / m3
1 Footings     50   to   65
2 Cast in situ Piles 30    to  50

 
3 Plinth  Beam  

70    to  100

 

 
4 Lintel 100    to  130

 
5 Column 100    to  200

 
6 Beam 150    to  200

 
7 Slab 60    to  75

 
8 Stairs 90    to  120

 

Estimation of Quantity of Reinforcement

For rough calculation of reinforcement steel in construction Projects following thumb rule may be adopted:

(i)    Slab                80 Kg / m3

(ii)   Beam              110 Kg / m3

(iii) Column             160 Kg / m3

(iv)  Footing slab     80 Kg / m3

MATERIAL REQUIRED ON PLINTH AREA BASIS FOR SINGLE STOREY LOAD BEARING  RESIDENTIAL BUILDING

 

    Component       Material required
 Brick  500 Nos. /m2
Cement 1.5 Bags /m2
Steel bars 12 kg/m2  (MS bars)

8 kg/m2 ( Tor steel)

 

requirement / m2 on Plinth area basis

S.No.           Type of Building      Load bearing Framed Structure
1         Residential buildings 5 to 6 Bags 5 to 7 Bags
2         Public  buildings 4 to 5 Bags 6 to 8 Bags
3        Residential  Flats ( Multi storey) —- 3.2  to  4.0  Bags
4        Office  building     2.4 to  3.0 Bags 5  Bags
     5 Commercial  buildings such as         Bus Stand, Restaurants etc.        —–     4.5  Bags

For Foundation & Basement of Framed Structure (up to 4 Storeyed )  alone

 

S.No.         Type of Building      Load bearing Framed Structure
1 Residential Flats —- 0.4 Bags / m2
2 Office building 0.36 Bags / m2 0.5 Bags / m2
3 Commercial building —- 0.45 Bags / m2

Minimum Cement content required for various Grade of Concrete

S.No. Grade of Concrete Cement content in Kg / m3 of concrete Max. W/c ratio
As per TCE (old code) As per

IS 456
1         M15 285 —
2

(i)

          M20

M20  (below G.L)

M20   (above G.L)

  

360

315

 300 0.55
3

(i)

         M25

M25  (for Piles)

M25      (for other structures)

  

400

365

 300

 

 0.50
4         M30 415 320 0.45
5

(i)

(ii)

         M35

M35 (for Piles)

M35 (for other structures)

  

525

475

 340 0.45
6         M40 535 360     0.40

 

Note:-

As per IS 456 – 2000 Maximum cement content should not exceed 450 Kg / m3 for the cement mortar to ensure that heat of hydration and shrinkage cracking are prevented.

COST OF BUILDING (GENERAL)

  1. Cost of foundation & Plinth 18%

(Up to G.L.                              13%

From G.L. to Plinth & DPC   5%)

  1. Cost of Brick work from Plinth to Roof 23%
  2. Cost of RCC works except roofing 6%
  3. Cost of flooring 20%

( RCC roof                                  15%

Lime terracing                             5%)

 

  1. Cost of Flooring 6%
  2. Cost of Doors & Windows 20%
  3. Cost of Plastering & finishing 7%

 

Note: The cost excludes Water supply, Sanitary & Electrification.

COST OF MATERIALS & LABOUR FOR BUILDING WORK

 

            Materials       %             Labour         %
Brick 16 Mason 8
Sand 4 Carpenter 3.5
C.A. 4.5 Mazdoor 12
Cement 19
Timber in scantling 9.5
Steel 23.5
Total 76.5 23.5

Overall                                                                              100%

SINGLE  STOREY COST

        Component                %
         Plinth              18
         Superstructure              27
         Flooring                8
         Roofing (Flat)              20
         Wood work              17
        Miscellaneous              10
       Total             100

ORDINARY BUILDINGS

 

        Materials        %       Labour     %
     Cement        13        Excavation        1
      Steel        10        Masons      25
      Timber        12        Carpenter      12
      Other Materials        25        Black smith        2
      Total         60         Total      40

 

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